Practical 4
SLIDE OBSERVATION OF TABANIDAE, ARACHNID, LEPIDOPTERA AND MUSCIDAE
Title: Observation of Tabanidae, Arachnid, Lepidoptera and Muscidae
Introduction
Insect have many type and classes it because the classification of the insect are according to their morphology, in the parasitological the insect are studies to know the relationship between them to the diseases that can affect the human life .for this lab the identification of the tabnidae family that know as the horse fly, the aranchide family famous know as the side ,the family lepidoptera know as the butterfly,and the muscidae that is the house fly ,this insect are well know on the daily life because we can see it everywhere. This identification of this insect can be a good knowledge to know what the cause for certain diseases that occur on the human.
Objective:
To identify the morphology of Tabanidae, Arachnid, Lepidoptera and Muscidae.
Procedure:
Observed the slide of Tabanidae, Arachnid, Lepidoptera and Muscidae.
Discussion
The insect that observed were very different between each other, it has their own function that allow the insect to perform may task that used in their life. some of them is special between each other .the slide were observed either their head or the it full morphology ,it important to know the morphology because it were the part of the insect that may affect human diseases.
The on the early time were divided into two group based on the presences or absences of hind tibial sprus. There are more than twenty species of horse flies and the deer flies. The female flies are more deadly than male because it puncture into the blood and suck it, this is the tabanidae or commonly known as the horse fly. It feed on the blood and it can carry or transmitted the blood diseases to human. the female must lay egg by the feeding on the human blood to produce the ova, the male flies eat the nectar, the female bite leaves the triangular hole in the skin and can cause a large swelling. Unlike the mosquito, they make a much lower pitched humming noise when they fly. The redeeming characteristic is their amazing eyes, which feature bands of brilliant colors. The maggot looks like larvae of horse live in mud, feeding on decaying vegetable matter or small creature
The butterfly is known as the Lepidoptera that means the scale wing and covered with microscope scale that is iridescent and brightly colored,it visible as the fuzz along the edge of the wing ,the primitive lepidopterans retain functional chewing mouthpart as the adult, it more divided ones have partially or completely lost the mandible and develop long proboscis for drinking nectar from flower. It undergoes complete metamorphosis from the egg, larva, adult. the butterfly are sensitive to abrupt movement and moving shadow, that means the very slowly movement that getting closer make the more alert. We are fascinated with their wing that make we are attract to it. Some butterflies have evolved symbiotic and parasitic relationships with social insects such as ants. Some species are pests because in their larval stages they can damage domestic crops or trees; however, some species are agents of pollination of some plants, and caterpillars of a few butterflies (e.g., Harvesters) eat harmful insects. Culturally, butterflies are a popular motif in the visual and literary arts. Butterfly proboscises are slender, tubular feeding structures. Culminating in a sharp, beak-like tip, the proboscis works like a straw through which a butterfly drinks its food. When a butterfly finds food, it first unfurls its mouthparts and then zips them together to form a channel. The proboscis is particularly well adapted for reaching into flowers for nectar and for piercing fruit with its sharp tip. When a butterfly is not feeding, it keeps its proboscis curled between its palpi (which are a pair of organs located on the front of an adult butterfly face). The proboscis consists of a pair of interlocking channels that when linked together form a tube, much like a drinking straw. This tube can be coiled up like a spring for storage, or extended to enable the butterfly to reach into flowers to suck up the liquids on which they feed. If the proboscis gets clogged with sticky fluids, the 2 sections can be uncoupled and cleaned.Olfactory sensors near the tip of the proboscis, and in the food canal, together with similar sensors on the tarsus and tibia of the legs, enable butterflies to "taste" nectar, pollen, dung, and minerals.Spider morphology are have 8 legs that not same size on each other. Anatomically, spiders differ from other arthropods in that the usual body segments are fused into two tagmata, the cephalothorax andabdomen, and joined by a small, cylindrical pedicel. Unlike insects, spiders do not have antennae. In all except the most primitive group, the Mesothelae, spiders have the most centralized nervous systems of all arthropods, as all their ganglia are fused into one mass in the cephalothorax. Their abdomens bear appendages that have been modified into spinnerets that extrude silk from up to six types of silk glands within their abdomen. Spider webs vary widely in size, shape and the amount of sticky thread used. It now appears that the spiral orb web may be one of the earliest forms, and spiders that produce tangled cobwebs are more abundant and diverse than orb-web spiders. Spider-like arachnids with silk-producing spigots appear in the Devonian period about 386 million years ago, but these animals apparently lacked spinnerets. True spiders have been found in Carboniferous rocks from 318 to 299 million years ago, and are very similar to the most primitive surviving order, the Mesothelae. The main groups of modern spiders, Mygalomorphae and Araneomorphae, first appear in the Triassic period, before 200 million years ago. it have many species that have many type of morphology either small or big. the web are the strongest strain on the wotlrd it can hold heavy weight on the web.
The common house fly is a common flying insect that is found throughout the world. Like all insects, the house fly has a body divided into three parts (head, thorax, and abdomen), a hard exoskeleton, and six jointed legs. Flies also have a pair of transparent wings. The house fly can taste using its feet and with its mouthparts. Adults are about 1/4 to 1/2 inch (6 - 12.5 mm) long with 13 - 15 mm wingspan. House flies are dark gray, with four dark stripes down the top of the thorax. They have sponging mouthparts (they cannot bite); house flies can only eat liquids, but they can liquefy many solid foods with their saliva. The complete life-cycle of a house fly takes from 10 to 21 days. On the average, 12 generations of house flies can be produced in one year. Adult females lay 120-150 tiny white eggs, usually in manure or other warm, moist, decaying organic matter. A female lives for about 2 1/2 months and can lay up to 1,000 eggs in her short life. The eggs are only about 0.04 inch (1 mm) long and hatch into white, worm-like maggots in about 12 hours. The maggots grow to be about 1/2 inch (12.5 mm) long. When they are this big, they burrow into the ground to pupate. An adult will emerge in about 5 to 6 days (in warm weather) or about a month (in cold weather).The House Fly is often a carrier of diseases, such as typhoid fever, cholera, dysentery, and anthrax. The fly transmits diseases by carrying disease organisms onto food. It picks up disease organisms on its leg hairs or eats them and then regurgitates them onto food (in the process of liquefying solid food).
Conclusion
The insect that have identify were very different from one and each other the morphology give them many type of mechanism to transmitted the diseases
Questions:
1. Name a species of fly under the family of Muscidae which has similar characteristics with house fly.
a. Muscina stabulans
2. Give four (4) differences between house fly and the species you mentioned in question 1
a. breed in manure and defecate on food,
b. they may be used to estimate the time of death
c. bigger size than house fly
d. the leg are all black
References
No comments:
Post a Comment